Nowadays, China's greatest strenghthes are its massive, young, productive and relatively cheap workforce, and the good fortune of globalization which brings huge capital, technologies and jobs to the nation to take advantage of its productive workforce. I don't believe China's political system contributes to this economic success in any way. The West also experienced rapid growth from 50s to 70s thanks to their young baby boomer generation. However, when the population eventually age, this strength suddenly becomes a burden. The aging problem will be more acute for China because of its one child policy. When this happens, productivity and export drop, social cost such as health care cost rises, inflation up, many jobs outsourced and economic growth slows. So the same problem of aging population that hurts the west economy now will hurt China's economy at a larger scale due to the one child policy.